Effects of Moringa Extract on Aminoglycoside-Induced Hair Cell Death and Organ of Corti Damage.

Abstract

HYPOTHESIS:

Moringa extract, a naturally occurring anti-oxidant, protects against aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death and hearing loss within the organ of Corti.

BACKGROUND:

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) arise primarily in the mitochondria and have been implicated in aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity. Mitochondrial dysfunction results in loss of membrane potential, release of caspases, and cell apoptosis. Moringa extract has not previously been examined as a protective agent for aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.

METHODS:

Putative otoprotective effects of moringa extract were investigated in an organotypic model using murine organ of Corti explants subjected to gentamicin-induced ototoxicity. Assays evaluated hair cell loss, cytochrome oxidase expression, mitochondrial membrane potential integrity, and caspase activity.

RESULTS:

In vitro application of moringa conferred significant protection from gentamicin-induced hair cell loss at dosages from 25 to 300 μg/mL, with dosages above 100 μg/mL conferring near complete protection. Assays demonstrated moringa extract suppression of ROS, preservation of cytochrome oxidase activity, and reduction in caspase production.

CONCLUSION:

Moringa extract demonstrated potent antioxidant properties with significant protection against gentamicin ototoxicity in cochlear explants.

• Authors: Michael T Broderick, Andrew D P Prince, Asmita Dhukhwa, Debashree Mukherjea, Peng Jiang, Kathleen C M Campbell, Leonard P Rybak, Michael J Brenner
• Journal: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (Otol Neurotol) Vol. 42 Issue 8 Pg. 1261-1268 (09 01 2021) ISSN: 1537-4505 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34049329 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021, Otology & Neurotology, Inc.

Chemical References

• Aminoglycosides
• Gentamicins
• Plant Extracts

Topics

• Aminoglycosides (toxicity)
• Animals
• Apoptosis
• Cell Death
• Gentamicins (toxicity)
• Hair Cells, Auditory
• Mice
• Moringa
• Organ of Corti
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)