The purpose of the study was to establish a comprehensive differential gene profile for
lung cancer patients treated with
cisplatin compared with control patients without any
chemotherapy drug treatment. The
RNA sequencing data and
miRNA sequencing data of 108
lung cancer patients treated with
cisplatin only and 232
lung cancer patients treated without any chemotherapeutic drugs, were analyzed using differential expression,
protein-
protein interaction, and immune cell infiltration ratio analysis. Compared with control patients, the
cisplatin-treated patients demonstrated 336 differentially expressed genes, which included 48 upregulated genes and 288 downregulated genes. Meanwhile, 12 differentially expressed
miRNAs (DEMs), including 7 upregulated
miRNAs and 5 downregulated
miRNAs showed a differentially expressed pattern. With further instigation, five
miRNAs (hsa-miR-548ah, hsa-miR-466, hsa-miR-552, hsa-miR-371a, and hsa-miR-4445) were suggested to be the key targets in the
cisplatin-treated patients. At the same time, we also found a significant correlation between the
cisplatin treatment and six immune checkpoints including programmed cell death
ligand. This study helped us better understand the potential targets and underline molecular mechanisms for
cisplatin treatment and provided references to eliminate existing side effects in the future.