Effect of once-weekly exenatide on hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome or coronary revascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have shifted the paradigm of type 2 diabetes management given their benefits regarding a reduction in major adverse CV events. However, the relationship between GLP-1 RAs and coronary revascularization remains poorly understood. In this EXSCEL post-hoc analysis, we used univariate Cox proportional models and Kaplan Meier survival analysis to evaluate the effect of once-weekly exenatide (EQW) on a composite outcome of hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or coronary revascularization. Similar models were utilized to evaluate the relationship between significant participant characteristics within the entire study population and the composite outcome. Of the 14,736 participants in EXSCEL with complete follow-up data, 1642 (11.1%) experienced an ACS or coronary revascularization event during a median follow-up of 3.3 years (interquartile range, 2.3-4.4). EQW had no effect on hospitalization for ACS or coronary revascularization (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.91-1.10). Among EXSCEL participants, enrollment in Latin America (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.43-0.60) and a history of peripheral artery disease (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.90) were associated with a reduced risk for coronary revascularization, whereas enrollment in North America (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.74-2.12), a history of CV disease (HR 3.24, 95% CI 2.78-3.78), and a previous myocardial infarction (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.39-1.71) were associated with increased risk for study end points. EQW had no association with hospitalization for ACS or coronary revascularization. Participant enrollment location and CV disease burden may play a role in the variable CV efficacy of GLP-1 RAs that has been observed in trials thus far.

• Authors: Carlos E Barbery, Anna Giczewska, Jennifer White, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Robert John Mentz, Rury R Holman, Neha Pagidipati, Adrian F Hernandez, W Schuyler Jones
• Journal: American heart journal (Am Heart J) Vol. 239 Pg. 59-63 (09 2021) ISSN: 1097-6744 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 33905751 (Publication Type: Letter, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Exenatide

Topics

• Acute Coronary Syndrome (etiology, prevention & control, surgery)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications, drug therapy)
• Double-Blind Method
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Exenatide (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Female
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor (agonists)
• Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data)
• Humans
• Hypoglycemic Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myocardial Revascularization (methods, statistics & numerical data)
• Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
• Proportional Hazards Models