Antimicrobial activity of dalbavancin and comparators against Staphylococcus aureus causing pneumonia in patients with and without cystic fibrosis.

Abstract

The activities of dalbavancin and comparator agents were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF patients with pneumonia. Bacterial isolates (n = 357) were collected from CF patients in 36 medical centers worldwide (2018-2019) and susceptibility tested using reference broth microdilution. Susceptibility results from these isolates were compared with those for 725 S. aureus isolates consecutively collected from non-CF patients with pneumonia from the same medical centers over the same period. Only isolates determined to be the probable cause of pneumonia were included in the study. Susceptibility profiles were very similar among isolates from CF and non-CF patients. Dalbavancin exhibited potent activity (MIC50/90, 0.03/0.03 mg/L) and complete coverage (100.0% susceptibility) against isolates from CF and non-CF patients. Ceftaroline (MIC50/90, 0.25/1 mg/L) was active against 97.8% and 98.1% of isolates from CF and non-CF patients, respectively. Oxacillin resistance (MRSA) rates were 27.7% among CF and 28.7% among non-CF patients. Among MRSA isolates from CF/non-CF patients (n = 99/208), susceptibility to ceftaroline, clindamycin, levofloxacin, and tetracycline were 91.9%/93.3%, 58.6%/64.4%, 40.4%/29.3%, and 83.8%/89.4%, respectively. Dalbavancin demonstrated high potency against S. aureus from CF and non-CF patients and may represent a valuable treatment option for CF patients with MRSA pulmonary infection.

• Authors: Helio S Sader, Leonard R Duncan, Rodrigo E Mendes
• Journal: International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases (Int J Infect Dis) Vol. 107 Pg. 69-71 (Jun 2021) ISSN: 1878-3511 [Electronic] Canada
• PMID: 33878463 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Cephalosporins
• Clindamycin
• Teicoplanin
• Levofloxacin
• dalbavancin
• Tetracycline
• Oxacillin

Topics

• Anti-Bacterial Agents (therapeutic use)
• Cephalosporins (therapeutic use)
• Clindamycin (therapeutic use)
• Cystic Fibrosis (microbiology)
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial
• Humans
• Levofloxacin (therapeutic use)
• Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (isolation & purification)
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Oxacillin (therapeutic use)
• Pneumonia, Staphylococcal (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Staphylococcus aureus (isolation & purification)
• Teicoplanin (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Tetracycline (therapeutic use)
• Ceftaroline