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Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) suppresses triacylglycerol accumulation and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in goat mammary epithelial cells.

Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a well-known tumor suppressor in nonruminants and regulates various cellular processes including growth through dephosphorylation of phosphoinositide substrates. Although studies with bovine mammary tissue suggested a role for PTEN during lactation, its potential role in lipid metabolism remains unknown. Objectives of the present study were to determine PTEN abundance in goat mammary tissue at 2 stages of lactation (n = 6 Xinong Saanen dairy goats per stage), and to use gene-silencing and adenoviral transfections in vitro with isolated goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC) to evaluate the role of PTEN abundance of lipid metabolism-related genes. Abundance of PTEN decreased by 51.5% at peak lactation compared with the dry period. The PTEN was overexpressed in isolated GMEC through adenoviral transfection using an adenovirus system with Ad-GFP (recombinant adenovirus of green fluorescent protein) as control, and silenced via targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection with a scrambled small interfering RNA as a negative control. Cell culture was performed for 48 h before RNA extraction, triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis, and fatty acid analysis. Overexpression of PTEN downregulated abundance of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase α (ACACA), fatty acid synthase (FASN), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor1 (SREBF1), stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1), diacylglycerol acytransferase 1 (DGAT1), 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6) coupled with an increase in patatin-like-phospholipase domain containing 2 (PNPLA2), hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 β (CPT1B). Furthermore, overexpressing PTEN in vitro resulted in a significant decrease in TAG concentration and concentration of C16:1. In contrast, interference of PTEN led to an opposite effect on lipid metabolism in GMEC. These changes suggested a shift from lipogenesis and esterification to lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Collectively, PTEN seems to play a role in monounsaturated fatty acids synthesis and lipid accumulation in GMEC.
AuthorsD W Yao, J Ma, C L Yang, L L Chen, Q Y He, D N Coleman, T Z Wang, X L Jiang, J Luo, Y Ma, J J Loor
JournalJournal of dairy science (J Dairy Sci) Vol. 104 Issue 6 Pg. 7283-7294 (Jun 2021) ISSN: 1525-3198 [Electronic] United States
PMID33741170 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
CopyrightCopyright © 2021 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Fatty Acids
  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
  • Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
  • Tensins
  • Triglycerides
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Topics
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Epithelial Cells (metabolism)
  • Fatty Acids (metabolism)
  • Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated (metabolism)
  • Female
  • Goats (metabolism)
  • Lactation
  • Lipogenesis
  • Mammary Glands, Animal (metabolism)
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases (metabolism)
  • Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 (metabolism)
  • Tensins (metabolism)
  • Triglycerides (metabolism)

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