To analyze the differences of early
atherosclerosis indices in
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different degrees of
obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (
OSAHS) and explore the correlation between them, so as to provide a new clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of early
atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM and
OSAHS. Methods. A prospective study was conducted in 312 patients with T2DM and
snoring who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. According to the monitoring results, 312 patients were divided into 4 groups including the control group (208 cases), mild
OSAHS group (18 cases), moderate
OSAHS group (38 cases), and severe
OSAHS group (48 cases). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the early
atherosclerosis indices including brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) in patients with T2DM coexistence with different degrees of
OSAHS. Results. (1) As the degree of
OSAHS increased, ABI decreased gradually and was lower than that in the control group, but PWV increased and was higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05, respectively). (2) The
apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) positively correlated with PWV (r = 0.36, p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with ABI (r = -0.37, p < 0.05). (3) Multivariate logistic regression showed that after adjusting for age, gender, duration, BMI, blood pressure,
blood glucose, blood
lipid, and other factors,
OSAHS was a risk factor of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) in patients with T2DM. With the increase of degree of
OSAHS, the risk of lower extremity
atherosclerosis gradually increased. Conclusion.
OSAHS is an independent risk factor of LEAD in patients with T2DM, and with the increase of AHI, the ABI and PWV have changed, which provides a new clinical basis for the prevention and the treatment of early
atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM and
OSAHS.