Prebiotic dietary fibre intervention improves fecal markers related to inflammation in obese patients: results from the Food4Gut randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are prebiotic dietary fibre (DF) that may confer beneficial health effects, by interacting with the gut microbiota. We have tested the hypothesis that a dietary intervention promoting inulin intake versus placebo influences fecal microbial-derived metabolites and markers related to gut integrity and inflammation in obese patients.

METHODS:

Microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing), long- and short-chain fatty acids (LCFA, SCFA), bile acids, zonulin, and calprotectin were analyzed in fecal samples obtained from obese patients included in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Participants received either 16 g/d native inulin (prebiotic n = 12) versus maltodextrin (placebo n = 12), coupled to dietary advice to consume inulin-rich versus inulin-poor vegetables for 3 months, in addition to dietary caloric restriction.

RESULTS:

Both placebo and prebiotic interventions lowered energy and protein intake. A substantial increase in Bifidobacterium was detected after ITF treatment (q = 0.049) supporting our recent data obtained in a larger cohort. Interestingly, fecal calprotectin, a marker of gut inflammation, was reduced upon ITF treatment. Both prebiotic and placebo interventions increased the ratio of tauro-conjugated/free bile acids in feces. Prebiotic treatment did not significantly modify fecal SCFA content but it increased fecal rumenic acid, a conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) with immunomodulatory properties, that correlated notably to the expansion of Bifidobacterium (p = 0.031; r = 0.052).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study demonstrates that ITF-prebiotic intake during 3 months decreases a fecal marker of intestinal inflammation in obese patients. Our data point to a potential contribution of microbial lipid-derived metabolites in gastro-intestinal dysfunction related to obesity. CLINICALTRIALS.

GOV IDENTIFIER:

NCT03852069 (February 22, 2019 retrospectively, registered).

• Authors: Audrey M Neyrinck, Julie Rodriguez, Zhengxiao Zhang, Benjamin Seethaler, Cándido Robles Sánchez, Martin Roumain, Sophie Hiel, Laure B Bindels, Patrice D Cani, Nicolas Paquot, Miriam Cnop, Julie-Anne Nazare, Martine Laville, Giulio G Muccioli, Stephan C Bischoff, Jens Walter, Jean-Paul Thissen, Nathalie M Delzenne
• Journal: European journal of nutrition (Eur J Nutr) Vol. 60 Issue 6 Pg. 3159-3170 (Sep 2021) ISSN: 1436-6215 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 33544206 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: © 2021. The Author(s).

Chemical References

• Dietary Fiber
• Prebiotics
• RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
• Inulin

Topics

• Dietary Fiber
• Feces
• Humans
• Inflammation
• Inulin
• Obesity
• Prebiotics
• RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
• Retrospective Studies