Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be safe for COVID-19 patients.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

To investigate the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) administration to hypertension patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced pneumonia.

METHODS:

We recorded the recovery status of 67 inpatients with hypertension and COVID-19 induced pneumonia in the Raytheon Mountain Hospital in Wuhan during February 12, 2020 and March 30, 2020. Patients treated with ACEI or ARBs were categorized in group A (n = 22), while patients who were not administered either ACEI or ARBs were categorized into group B (n = 45). We did a comparative analysis of various parameters such as the pneumonia progression, length-of-stay in the hospital, and the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum creatinine (Cr), and creatine kinase (CK) between the day when these patients were admitted to the hospital and the day when the treatment ended.

RESULTS:

These 67 hypertension cases counted for 33.17% of the total COVID-19 patients. There was no significant difference in the usage of drug treatment of COVID-19 between groups A and B (p > 0.05). During the treatment, 1 case in group A and 3 cases in group B progressed from mild pneumonia into severe pneumonia. Eventually, all patients were cured and discharged after treatment, and no recurrence of COVID-2019 induced pneumonia occurred after the discharge. The length of stays was shorter in group A as compared with group B, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in other general parameters between the patients of the groups A and B on the day of admission to the hospital (p > 0.05). The ALT, CK, and Cr levels did not significantly differ between groups A and B on the day of admission and the day of discharge (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

To treat the hypertension patients with COVID-19 caused pneumonia, anti-hypertensive drugs (ACEs and ARBs) may be used according to the relative guidelines. The treatment regimen with these drugs does not need to be altered for the COVID-19 patients.

• Authors: Wenjun Wang, Xiaohui Zhao, Wei Wei, Weiwang Fan, Kai Gao, Shengxiu He, Xijing Zhuang
• Journal: BMC infectious diseases (BMC Infect Dis) Vol. 21 Issue 1 Pg. 114 (Jan 25 2021) ISSN: 1471-2334 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 33494713 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
• Antihypertensive Agents
• Creatinine
• Alanine Transaminase
• Creatine Kinase

Topics

• Aged
• Alanine Transaminase (blood)
• Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists (therapeutic use)
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Antihypertensive Agents
• COVID-19 (complications, therapy)
• Creatine Kinase (blood)
• Creatinine (blood)
• Disease Progression
• Female
• Hospitalization
• Humans
• Hypertension (complications, drug therapy)
• Length of Stay (statistics & numerical data)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mortality
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• SARS-CoV-2
• Severity of Illness Index