Prevalence of antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms and their association with neurocognition and social cognition in outpatients with schizophrenia in the "real-life".
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| Abstract |
First generation antipsychotics (FGAs) are more likely to induce extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS) than second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), and EPS have been shown associated to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. So far, no study has explored the relationships between EPS and social cognition (SC) in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence of EPS in a large sample of drug-treated community-dwelling persons with schizophrenia and explored their relationships with patients' neurocognitive and SC abilities. 875 patients underwent EPS, psychopathological, neurocognitive and SC assessments by means of standardized measures. Relationships between EPS, psychopathology and neurocognitive and SC measures were investigated by correlation tests. Moreover, a partial correlation network was computed by means of a network analysis. 256 patients were treated with FGAs alone or in combination with SGA and 619 with SGAs. EPS were significantly more frequent in FGA-treated group than in the SGA-treated one. Patients with EPS disclosed a more severe psychopathology and were more impaired in neurocognitive and SC measures compared to those without EPS. Disorganization, expressive deficit, and duration of illness were significantly associated to both neurocognitive and SC measures while EPS were associated to neurocognitive measures only. The network analysis showed that parkinsonism was the sole EPS directly connected to both psychopathological and neurocognitive indices whereas no direct connection emerged between EPS and SC measures. Present findings confirm that EPS are still present in the era of SGAs and contribute, together with other clinical variables, to the neurocognitive but not to the SC impairment of patients with schizophrenia.
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| Authors | Palmiero Monteleone, Giammarco Cascino, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Paola Rocca, Alessandro Rossi, Alessandro Bertolino, Eugenio Aguglia, Mario Amore, Enrico Collantoni, Giulio Corrivetti, Alessandro Cuomo, Antonello Bellomo, Enrico D'Ambrosio, Liliana Dell'Osso, Marianna Frascarelli, Giulia Maria Giordano, Luigi Giuliani, Carlo Marchesi, Cristiana Montemagni, Lucio Oldani, Federica Pinna, Maurizio Pompili, Rita Roncone, Rodolfo Rossi, Alberto Siracusano, Antonio Vita, Patrizia Zeppegno, Silvana Galderisi, Mario Maj, Italian Network for Research on Psychoses |
| Journal | Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry) Vol. 109 Pg. 110250 (07 13 2021) ISSN: 1878-4216 [Electronic] England |
| PMID | 33484755 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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