Previous studies have demonstrated that
sevoflurane postconditioning can provide neuroprotection after hypoxic-ischemic injury and improve learning and memory function in developing rodent brains. The classical Rice-Vannucci model was used to induce hypoxic-ischemic injury, and newborn (postnatal day 7) rats were treated with 2.4%
sevoflurane for 30 minutes after hypoxic-ischemic injury. Our results showed that
sevoflurane postconditioning significantly improved the learning and memory function of rats, decreased
astrogliosis and
glial scar formation, increased numbers of dendritic spines, and protected the histomorphology of the hippocampus. Mechanistically,
sevoflurane postconditioning decreased expression of von Hippel-Lindau of
hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and increased expression of DJ-1. Injection of 1.52 μg of the
hypoxia-inducible factor-1α inhibitor YC-1 (Lificiguat) into the left lateral ventricle 30 minutes before hypoxic-ischemic injury reversed the neuroprotection induced by
sevoflurane. This finding suggests that
sevoflurane can effectively alleviate
astrogliosis in the hippocampus and reduce learning and memory impairments caused by
glial scar formation after hypoxic-ischemic injury. The underlying mechanism may be related to upregulated DJ-1 expression, reduced ubiquitination of
hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and stabilized
hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression. This study was approved by the Laboratory Animal Care Committee of China Medical University, China (approval No. 2016PS337K) on November 9, 2016.