Owing to aging populations, the prevalence of
hypertension and associated cardiovascular events has been increasing worldwide. The morbidity and mortality due to
cancer have also been increasing with aging populations. Several small-molecule inhibitors have been used in
cancer therapy, which have a positive impact on the prognosis and survival of patients with
cancer. Consequently, the number of cancer survivors with
hypertension has been rapidly increasing. Anticancer
therapy, including
vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, increases blood pressure. However, both clinical and laboratory evidence are lacking regarding optimal blood pressure control in patients with
hypertension with
cancer. Here, we propose the concept of onco-
hypertension, which is an evolving subspecialty focused on the complex pathophysiology of
hypertension and
cancer. In this review, we highlight blood pressure changes in
cancer,
hypertension induced by anticancer
therapy, and optimal blood pressure management in patients with
hypertension with
cancer. In addition, we discuss needed studies to further establish this new onco-
hypertension concept.