Peptide and peptide-based inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 entry.

Abstract

To date, no effective vaccines or therapies are available against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative pandemic agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to their safety, efficacy and specificity, peptide inhibitors hold great promise for the treatment of newly emerging viral pathogens. Based on the known structures of viral proteins and their cellular targets, antiviral peptides can be rationally designed and optimized. The resulting peptides may be highly specific for their respective targets and particular viral pathogens or exert broad antiviral activity. Here, we summarize the current status of peptides inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry and outline the strategies used to design peptides targeting the ACE2 receptor or the viral spike protein and its activating proteases furin, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), or cathepsin L. In addition, we present approaches used against related viruses such as SARS-CoV-1 that might be implemented for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

• Authors: Desiree Schütz, Yasser B Ruiz-Blanco, Jan Münch, Frank Kirchhoff, Elsa Sanchez-Garcia, Janis A Müller
• Journal: Advanced drug delivery reviews (Adv Drug Deliv Rev) Vol. 167 Pg. 47-65 (12 2020) ISSN: 1872-8294 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 33189768 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Peptide Fragments
• Serine Proteinase Inhibitors
• ACE2 protein, human
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
• Serine Endopeptidases
• TMPRSS2 protein, human

Topics

• Amino Acid Sequence
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Antiviral Agents (administration & dosage, chemistry, metabolism)
• COVID-19 (metabolism)
• Drug Delivery Systems (methods)
• Humans
• Peptide Fragments (administration & dosage, chemistry, metabolism)
• Protein Binding (drug effects, physiology)
• Protein Structure, Secondary
• Protein Structure, Tertiary
• SARS-CoV-2 (drug effects, metabolism)
• Serine Endopeptidases (metabolism)
• Serine Proteinase Inhibitors (administration & dosage, chemistry, metabolism)
• COVID-19 Drug Treatment