A feasible and biocompatible supramolecular complex self-assembled from
indocyanine green (ICG) and methyl-β-
cyclodextrin (Mβ-CD) was developed for targeted
cancer imaging, which enhanced fluorescence-guided photothermal
cancer therapy. This study confirmed that the formation of an inclusion complex of the heterocyclic ICG moiety and Mβ-CD inner cavity could result in improved
tumor targetability compared with free ICG. The ICG-CD complex could be used as a bifunctional phototherapeutic agent for targeted
cancer phototherapy due to the high
tumor targetability of the Mβ-CD moiety and effective photothermal performance of the near-infrared (NIR) ICG moiety. Upon NIR
laser irradiation, the photothermal effect exerted by the ICG-CD complex significantly enhanced the temperature at the
tumor site by 56.2 °C within 5 min. Targeting HT-29
tumors using the ICG-CD complex resulted in an apparent reduction in
tumor volumes over the 9 days after photothermal treatment. Moreover, no
tumor recurrence or
body weight loss were observed after administering a single dose of ICG-CD complex with NIR
laser irradiation. Therefore, the administration of the biocompatible ICG-CD complex in combination with NIR
laser treatment can be safely explored as a potential strategy for future clinical applications.