Immunotherapy assays using
immunoadjuvants and
tumor antigens could greatly increase the survival rates of patients with malignant
tumors. As effective carriers,
metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely utilized in
cancer therapy due to their remarkable histocompatibility and low toxicity. Herein, we constructed a multimodal imaging-guided synergistic
cancer photoimmunotherapy by employing a specific MOF (MIL101-NH2) as the core carrier; the MOF was dual-dressed with photoacoustic and fluorescent signal donors (
indocyanine green, ICG) and immune adjuvants (
cytosine-
phosphate-
guanine sequence, CpG) and named ICG-CpG@MOF. This nanocarrier could passively target the
tumor site through the EPR effect and achieve multimodal imaging (fluorescence, photoacoustic, photothermal and magnetic resonance imaging) of the
tumor. Synergistic
cancer photoimmunotherapy was achieved via simultaneous photodynamic and photothermal methods with 808 nm
laser irradiation. ICG-CpG@MOF achieved the GSH-controlled release of
immunoadjuvant into the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, the released
tumor-associated
antigen along with CpG could induce the transformation of
tumor cells from cold to hot by activating the immune system, which significantly enhanced
tumor cytotoxicity and achieved high cure rates with minimal side-effects. This strategy utilizing multimodal imaging and synergistic
cancer photoimmunotherapy provides a promising approach for the diagnosis and treatment of
cancer.