Alteration of fecal microbiota by fucoxanthin results in prevention of colorectal cancer in AOM/DSS mice.

Abstract

Fucoxanthin (Fx), a marine carotenoid found in edible brown algae, is well known for having anticancer properties. The gut microbiota has been demonstrated as a hallmark for colorectal cancer progression in both humans and rodents. However, it remains unclear whether the gut microbiota is associated with the anticancer effect of Fx. We investigated the chemopreventive potency of Fx and its effect on gut microbiota in a mouse model of inflammation-associated colorectal cancer (by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium treatment). Fx administration (30 mg/kg bw) during a 14 week period significantly inhibited the multiplicity of colorectal adenocarcinoma in mice. The number of apoptosis-like cleaved caspase-3high cells increased significantly in both colonic adenocarcinoma and mucosal crypts. Fx administration significantly suppressed Bacteroidlales (f_uc; g_uc) (0.3-fold) and Rikenellaceae (g_uc) (0.6-fold) and increased Lachnospiraceae (g_uc) (2.2-fold), compared with those of control mice. Oral administration of a fecal suspension obtained from Fx-treated mice, aimed to enhance Lachnospiraceae, suppress the number of colorectal adenocarcinomas in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice with a successful increase in Lachnospiraceae in the gut. Our findings suggested that an alteration in gut microbiota by dietary Fx might be an essential factor in the cancer chemopreventive effect of Fx in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice.

• Authors: Masaru Terasaki, Osamu Uehara, Shinya Ogasa, Taishi Sano, Atsuhito Kubota, Hiroyuki Kojima, Takuji Tanaka, Hayato Maeda, Kazuo Miyashita, Michihiro Mutoh
• Journal: Carcinogenesis (Carcinogenesis) Vol. 42 Issue 2 Pg. 210-219 (02 25 2021) ISSN: 1460-2180 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 32940665 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Xanthophylls
• fucoxanthin
• Dextran Sulfate
• Azoxymethane

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (immunology, microbiology, pathology, prevention & control)
• Animals
• Azoxymethane (administration & dosage, toxicity)
• Colitis, Ulcerative (chemically induced, drug therapy, immunology, microbiology)
• Colitis-Associated Neoplasms (immunology, microbiology, pathology, prevention & control)
• Dextran Sulfate (administration & dosage, toxicity)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
• Feces (microbiology)
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome (drug effects, immunology)
• Humans
• Intestinal Mucosa (drug effects, immunology, microbiology, pathology)
• Male
• Mice
• Xanthophylls (administration & dosage)