Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHODS: The E3N study (Etude Epidémiologique Auprès des Femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale) is a French prospective cohort study that has included 98,995 women since 1990. Dietary data were collected via a validated food frequency questionnaire in 1993. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using a 9-unit dietary score evaluating consumption of vegetables, legumes, cereal products, fish, meat, dairy products, olive oil, and alcohol. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident RA were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age and the main potential confounders, including smoking. RESULTS: Among 62,629 women, we identified 480 incident cases of RA. In the entire study population, the Mediterranean diet adherence score was not associated with RA risk (HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.67-1.09] for high score versus low score; P for trend = 0.09); however, among ever-smokers, a higher score was associated with a decreased risk of RA (HR 0.91 [95% CI 0.84-0.99] for 1-point increase in score; P = 0.03). In ever-smokers, the absolute risks of RA in those with high scores and those with low scores were 38.3 and 51.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, compared to 35.8 per 100,000 person-years in never-smokers with high Mediterranean diet scores. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean diet could reduce the high risk of RA among ever-smoking women. Our results must be confirmed in future research.
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Authors | Yann Nguyen, Carine Salliot, Amandine Gelot, Juliette Gambaretti, Xavier Mariette, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Raphaèle Seror |
Journal | Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
(Arthritis Rheumatol)
Vol. 73
Issue 1
Pg. 69-77
(01 2021)
ISSN: 2326-5205 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 32909390
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2020, American College of Rheumatology. |
Topics |
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid
(epidemiology)
- Cohort Studies
- Diet, Mediterranean
(statistics & numerical data)
- Female
- France
(epidemiology)
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Protective Factors
- Risk Factors
- Smoking
(epidemiology)
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