Coronaviruses: Is Sialic Acid a Gate to the Eye of Cytokine Storm? From the Entry to the Effects.

Abstract

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a diverse family of the enveloped human and animal viruses reported as causative agents for respiratory and intestinal infections. The high pathogenic potential of human CoVs, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, is closely related to the invasion mechanisms underlying the attachment and entry of viral particles to the host cells. There is increasing evidence that sialylated compounds of cellular glycocalyx can serve as an important factor in the mechanism of CoVs infection. Additionally, the sialic acid-mediated cross-reactivity with the host immune lectins is known to exert the immune response of different intensity in selected pathological stages. Here, we focus on the last findings in the field of glycobiology in the context of the role of sialic acid in tissue tropism, viral entry kinetics and immune regulation in the CoVs infections.

• Authors: Przemyslaw Wielgat, Karol Rogowski, Katarzyna Godlewska, Halina Car
• Journal: Cells (Cells) Vol. 9 Issue 9 (08 25 2020) ISSN: 2073-4409 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 32854433 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cytokines
• Receptors, Pattern Recognition
• Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins
• Toll-Like Receptors
• N-Acetylneuraminic Acid

Topics

• Animals
• Betacoronavirus (physiology)
• COVID-19
• Coronavirus Infections (immunology, virology)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Humans
• Mice
• Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)
• N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (metabolism)
• Pandemics
• Pneumonia, Viral (immunology, virology)
• Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism)
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (physiology)
• SARS-CoV-2
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (immunology, virology)
• Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins (metabolism)
• Toll-Like Receptors (metabolism)
• Virus Internalization