Fatty acid synthase, a novel poor prognostic factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia which can be targeted by ginger extract.

Abstract

Altered metabolism of fatty acid synthesis is considered a hallmark characteristic of several malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To evaluate the impact of fatty acid synthase (FASN) on drug resistant ALL, bone marrow samples were collected from 65 pediatric ALLs, including 40 de novo and 25 relapsed patients. 22 non-cancer individuals were chosen as controls. Quantitative RT-PCR showed increased expression levels of FASN in drug resistant patients compared with the therapy responders. Single and combined treatment of malignant cells were analyzed using Annexin-V/PI double staining and MTT assays. Incubation of resistant primary cells with ginger showed simultaneous increased apoptosis rates and reduced FASN expression levels. Furthermore, docking studies demonstrated high affinity bindings between ginger derivatives and FASN thioesterase and ketosynthase domains, compared with their known inhibitors, fenofibrate and morin, respectively. Finally, combined treatment of in-house multidrug resistant T-ALL subline with ginger and dexamethasone induced drug sensitivity and down regulation of FASN expression, accordingly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that introduces FASN upregulation as a poor prognostic factor for drug resistant childhood ALL. Moreover, it was revealed that FASN inhibition may be applied by ginger phytochemicals and overcome dexamethasone resistance, subsequently.

• Authors: Maryam Ghaeidamini Harouni, Soheila Rahgozar, Somayeh Rahimi Babasheikhali, Arman Safavi, Elaheh Sadat Ghodousi
• Journal: Scientific reports (Sci Rep) Vol. 10 Issue 1 Pg. 14072 (Aug 21 2020) ISSN: 2045-2322 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 32826925 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Flavonoids
• Neoplasm Proteins
• Plant Extracts
• RNA, Messenger
• RNA, Neoplasm
• Dexamethasone
• morin
• FASN protein, human
• Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I
• Fenofibrate

Topics

• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Bone Marrow (enzymology)
• Case-Control Studies
• Child
• Dexamethasone (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Drug Resistance, Neoplasm (drug effects)
• Enzyme Induction (drug effects)
• Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Female
• Fenofibrate (pharmacology)
• Flavonoids (pharmacology)
• Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic (drug effects)
• Zingiber officinale (chemistry)
• Humans
• Male
• Models, Molecular
• Molecular Docking Simulation
• Molecular Targeted Therapy
• Neoplasm Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma (drug therapy, enzymology)
• Prognosis
• Protein Conformation
• Protein Domains
• RNA, Messenger (biosynthesis)
• RNA, Neoplasm (biosynthesis)
• Tumor Cells, Cultured