Antibody responses to SARS-CoV2 are distinct in children with MIS-C compared to adults with COVID-19.

Abstract

Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are associated with age. While children are largely spared from severe respiratory disease, they can present with a SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) similar to Kawasaki's disease. Here, we show distinct antibody (Ab) responses in children with MIS-C compared to adults with severe COVID-19 causing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and those who recovered from mild disease. There was a reduced breadth and specificity of anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in MIS-C patients compared to the COVID patient groups; MIS-C predominantly generated IgG Abs specific for the Spike (S) protein but not for the nucleocapsid (N) protein, while both COVID-19 cohorts had anti-S IgG, IgM and IgA Abs, as well as anti-N IgG Abs. Moreover, MIS-C patients had reduced neutralizing activity compared to COVID-19 cohorts, indicating a reduced protective serological response. These results suggest a distinct infection course and immune response in children and adults who develop severe disease, with implications for optimizing treatments based on symptom and age.

• Authors: Stuart P Weisberg, Thomas Connors, Yun Zhu, Matthew Baldwin, Wen-Hsuan Lin, Sandeep Wontakal, Peter A Szabo, Steven B Wells, Pranay Dogra, Joshua I Gray, Emma Idzikowski, Francesca Bovier, Julia Davis-Porada, Rei Matsumoto, Maya Meimei Li Poon, Michael P Chait, Cyrille Mathieu, Branka Horvat, Didier Decimo, Zachary C Bitan, Francesca La Carpia, Stephen A Ferrara, Emily Mace, Joshua Milner, Anne Moscona, Eldad A Hod, Matteo Porotto, Donna L Farber
• Journal: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences (medRxiv) (Jul 14 2020) United States
• PMID: 32699861 (Publication Type: Preprint)