A 73-year-old Japanese man visited the urology clinic with the chief complaint of gross
hematuria in June 2015. His
prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 146.7 ng/ml and he was diagnosed with prostate
adenocarcinoma with a Gleason Score of 5+4. With bone
metastasis in the right femur (cT3aN0M1), he was treated by
orchiectomy and
bicalutamide. He had gross
hematuria in October 2017 and a prostate
tumor was detected by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging without increasing PSA levels. Prostate re-biopsy showed prostate
neuroendocrine carcinoma and local
radiation therapy (74 Gy) was performed. Follow-up CT revealed a left adrenal
tumor with a positive positron emission tomographic scan in October 2018. Under the diagnosis of metastatic
neuroendocrine carcinoma,
chemotherapy using cisplatinum and
etoposide was performed. The
tumor shrunk after five courses of treatment, followed by regrowth in April 2019.
Radiation therapy (50 Gy) was added to the left adrenal
tumor and it shrunk again. However, a left retroperitoneal
tumor was detected in July 2019 and it was resected under laparoscopic surgery and diagnosed as metastatic
neuroendocrine carcinoma. Since then, no recurrence has been observed.