High ratio of ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids targets mTORC1 to prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice.

Abstract

Adjusting ω-3/ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio in high-fat diet is one potential mean to improve metabolic syndrome; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Four groups of mice were fed 60% kcal diets with saturated fatty acids, three different ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs ratios (low, middle and high) for 12 weeks, respectively. Body weight, atherosclerosis marker, insulin signal index and level of lipid accumulation in liver were significantly lowered in High group compared with saturated fatty acids group and Low group at week 12. Expressions of p-mTOR and raptor were inhibited by high ω-3 PUFAs. Importantly, ω-3 PUFAs intake up-regulated mitochondrial electron transport chain and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway through metabolomics analysis in liver. Mitochondrial complexes activities were raised, fumaric acid was reduced and oxidative stress was alleviated in High group. We conclude that consuming long-term high-fat diet with same calories but high ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs ratio relieves metabolic syndrome by regulating mTORC1 pathway to enhance mitochondrial function.

• Authors: Run Liu, Lei Chen, Yan Wang, Guanfei Zhang, Ying Cheng, Zhihui Feng, Xiaochun Bai, Jiankang Liu
• Journal: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (J Nutr Biochem) Vol. 79 Pg. 108330 (05 2020) ISSN: 1873-4847 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32179408 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Fatty Acids
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6
• Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1

Topics

• Animals
• Body Weight
• Citric Acid Cycle (drug effects)
• Diet, High-Fat (methods)
• Energy Intake
• Fatty Acids (metabolism)
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6 (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Glucose Tolerance Test (methods)
• Liver (metabolism)
• Male
• Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (metabolism)
• Metabolic Syndrome (diet therapy, metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mitochondria (metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)