Factors influencing occurrence of peritonitis in Saudi children on peritoneal dialysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The peritonitis rate among children treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) has not been widely reported in Saudi Arabia. The study aim was to estimate the peritonitis rate per patient-year and investigate the factors associated with higher peritonitis rates in a sample of PD children at King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital-Riyadh (KASCH-R), Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study included 27 PD children treated between September 2007 and December 2017 at KASCH-R. We recorded the children's demographic and clinical data, and the frequency of peritonitis.

RESULTS:

The 27 PD children reviewed (63% girls; mean age = 7.32 years old; range, 1-14 years), resulted in 86 peritonitis diagnoses in which the overall recurrence rate (in at least one episode) was 58/86 (67.4%) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), 56.5 to 77.2%. The rate of peritonitis episodes per patient-year was 0.76 (1 episode per 1.31 patient-year). The generalized Poisson model identified older children (age >  10 years) (adjusted rate ratios [aRR] = 7.273, 95% CI: 1.562-33.860), congenital nephrosis (aRR = 4.677, 95% CI: 1.443-15.155), height below 3rd percentile (aRR = 4.689, 95% CI: 1.874-11.735), weight below 3rd percentile (aRR = 5.388, 95% CI: 1.678-17.302), low albumin level (aRR = 4.041, 95% CI: 2.053-7.956), two-week duration of antibiotic therapy (aRR = 2.947, 95% CI: 1.163-7.468), which were independently associated with a high peritonitis rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study showed a high peritonitis rate in our center. Older children, congenital nephrosis, height and weight below the 3rd percentile, low albumin level, and long duration of antibiotic therapy were associated with a higher rate of peritonitis. An optimal peritonitis prevention strategy or best-practice guideline is needed to reduce and prevent peritonitis occurrence in our center.

• Authors: Khamisa Al Mokali, Zahra Al Sannaa, Faten Al Mutairi, Anwar E Ahmed
• Journal: BMC pediatrics (BMC Pediatr) Vol. 20 Issue 1 Pg. 42 (01 29 2020) ISSN: 1471-2431 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 31996157 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents

Topics

• Adolescent
• Age Factors
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage)
• Body Size
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (therapy)
• Male
• Nephrosis (congenital)
• Peritoneal Dialysis (adverse effects)
• Peritonitis (epidemiology, etiology)
• Poisson Distribution
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Saudi Arabia (epidemiology)