Ivosidenib induces deep durable remissions in patients with newly diagnosed IDH1-mutant acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract

Ivosidenib (AG-120) is an oral, targeted agent that suppresses production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate via inhibition of the mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1; mIDH1) enzyme. From a phase 1 study of 258 patients with IDH1-mutant hematologic malignancies, we report results for 34 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ineligible for standard therapy who received 500 mg ivosidenib daily. Median age was 76.5 years, 26 patients (76%) had secondary AML, and 16 (47%) had received ≥1 hypomethylating agent for an antecedent hematologic disorder. The most common all-grade adverse events were diarrhea (n = 18; 53%), fatigue (n = 16; 47%), nausea (n = 13; 38%), and decreased appetite (n = 12; 35%). Differentiation syndrome was reported in 6 patients (18%) (grade ≥3 in 3 [9%]) and did not require treatment discontinuation. Complete remission (CR) plus CR with partial hematologic recovery (CRh) rate was 42.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.5% to 60.8%); CR 30.3% (95% CI, 15.6% to 48.7%). Median durations of CR+CRh and CR were not reached, with 95% CI lower bounds of 4.6 and 4.2 months, respectively; 61.5% and 77.8% of patients remained in remission at 1 year. With median follow-up of 23.5 months (range, 0.6-40.9 months), median overall survival was 12.6 months (95% CI, 4.5-25.7). Of 21 transfusion-dependent patients (63.6%) at baseline, 9 (42.9%) became transfusion independent. IDH1 mutation clearance was seen in 9/14 patients achieving CR+CRh (5/10 CR; 4/4 CRh). Ivosidenib monotherapy was well-tolerated and induced durable remissions and transfusion independence in patients with newly diagnosed AML. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02074839.

• Authors: Gail J Roboz, Courtney D DiNardo, Eytan M Stein, Stéphane de Botton, Alice S Mims, Gabrielle T Prince, Jessica K Altman, Martha L Arellano, Will Donnellan, Harry P Erba, Gabriel N Mannis, Daniel A Pollyea, Anthony S Stein, Geoffrey L Uy, Justin M Watts, Amir T Fathi, Hagop M Kantarjian, Martin S Tallman, Sung Choe, David Dai, Bin Fan, Hongfang Wang, Vickie Zhang, Katharine E Yen, Stephanie M Kapsalis, Denice Hickman, Hua Liu, Samuel V Agresta, Bin Wu, Eyal C Attar, Richard M Stone
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 135 Issue 7 Pg. 463-471 (02 13 2020) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31841594 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase I, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2020 by The American Society of Hematology.

Chemical References

• Pyridines
• Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
• IDH1 protein, human
• ivosidenib
• Glycine

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Blood Transfusion
• Female
• Glycine (adverse effects, analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (genetics)
• Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute (diagnosis, drug therapy, genetics)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mutation (genetics)
• Pyridines (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Remission Induction
• Survival Analysis
• Translational Research, Biomedical
• Treatment Outcome