Efficacy and Safety of Etrasimod in a Phase 2 Randomized Trial of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS:

Etrasimod (APD334) is an oral, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator in development for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. We assessed the efficacy and safety of etrasimod in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODS:

In a phase 2, proof-of-concept, double-blind, parallel-group study, adult outpatients with modified Mayo Clinic scores (MCSs) (stool frequency, rectal bleeding, and endoscopy findings) of 4-9, endoscopic subscores of 2 or more, and rectal bleeding subscores of 1 or more were randomly assigned to groups given once-daily etrasimod 1 mg (n = 52), etrasimod 2 mg (n = 50), or placebo (n = 54) for 12 weeks. The study was performed from October 15, 2015, through February 14, 2018, at 87 centers in 17 countries. The primary endpoint was an increase in the mean improvement in modified MCS from baseline to week 12. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of patients with endoscopic improvement (subscores of 1 or less) from baseline to week 12. Exploratory endpoints, including clinical remission, are reported in the article, although the study was statistically powered to draw conclusions only on the primary endpoint.

RESULTS:

At week 12, the etrasimod 2 mg group met the primary and all secondary endpoints. Etrasimod 2 mg led to a significantly greater increase in mean improvement in modified MCS from baseline than placebo (difference from placebo, 0.99 points; 90% confidence interval, 0.30-1.68; P = .009), and etrasimod 1 mg led to an increase in mean improvement from baseline in modified MCS of 0.43 points more than placebo (90% confidence interval, reduction of 0.24 to increase of 1.11; nominal P = .15). Endoscopic improvement occurred in 41.8% of patients receiving etrasimod 2 mg vs 17.8% receiving placebo (P = .003). Most adverse events were mild to moderate. Three patients had a transient, asymptomatic, low-grade atrioventricular block that resolved spontaneously all patients had evidence of atrioventricular block before etrasimod exposure.

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, etrasimod 2 mg was more effective than placebo in producing clinical and endoscopic improvements. Further clinical development is warranted. Clinicaltrials.gov, Number: NCT02447302.

• Authors: William J Sandborn, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Jinkun Zhang, Michael Chiorean, Séverine Vermeire, Scott D Lee, Tanja Kühbacher, Bruce Yacyshyn, Christopher H Cabell, Snehal U Naik, Preston Klassen, Julián Panés
• Journal: Gastroenterology (Gastroenterology) Vol. 158 Issue 3 Pg. 550-561 (02 2020) ISSN: 1528-0012 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31711921 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Acetates
• Indoles
• Placebos
• Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors
• etrasimod

Topics

• Acetates (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Adult
• Asymptomatic Diseases (epidemiology)
• Atrioventricular Block (chemically induced, epidemiology)
• Colitis, Ulcerative (complications, diagnosis, drug therapy, immunology)
• Colon (diagnostic imaging, drug effects, pathology)
• Colonoscopy
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (diagnosis, epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Humans
• Indoles (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Induction Chemotherapy (adverse effects, methods)
• Intestinal Mucosa (diagnostic imaging, drug effects, pathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Placebos (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Proof of Concept Study
• Rectum
• Severity of Illness Index
• Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors (immunology, metabolism)
• Treatment Outcome