Abdominal obesity is associated with elevated postprandial
triglycerides (TG), an independent risk factor for
cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies show that
whey protein (WP) and
dietary fiber may separately reduce postprandial TG. However, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of WP and
dietary fiber on postprandial TG. We aimed to investigate the separate and combined long-term effects of WP and
dietary fiber from
wheat bran on postprandial TG and markers of lipid metabolism in subjects with
abdominal obesity. We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel intervention study. In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 73 adults were randomized to receive 60 g/day of either WP hydrolysate or
maltodextrin (MD) combined with high-fiber
wheat bran products (HiFi; 30 g
dietary fiber/day) or low-fiber refined wheat products (LoFi; 10 g
dietary fiber/day). A high-fat meal test was conducted before and after the intervention. Sixty-five subjects were included in the final analyses. There were no differences between intervention groups in postprandial TG assessed as incremental area under the curve (iAUC). WP-LoFi had reduced postprandial TG assessed as total area under the curve (tAUC) and reduced fasting TG compared with all other groups, and reduced fasting
apolipoprotein B-48 compared with MD-LoFi. There were no changes in
lipoprotein lipase activity. Total
cholesterol and
apolipoprotein B-100 were reduced after WP intake compared with MD. Total
cholesterol was increased after HiFi intake compared with LoFi. In conclusion, intake of WP in combination with low-fiber cereal products for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on postprandial TG tAUC and fasting TG, but not on postprandial TG iAUC in subjects with
abdominal obesity. Combining WP with high-fiber
wheat bran products did not improve
lipid profile.