Procyanidin C1, a Component of Cinnamon Extracts, Is a Potential Insulin Sensitizer That Targets Adipocytes.

Abstract

Natural products are one of the main sources for discovering new lead compounds. We previously reported that cinnamon extract has a promising effect in regulating lipid tissue volume and insulin sensitivity in vivo. However, its effective component and the underlying mechanism are not known. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of different components of cinnamon on regulating insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Functional assay revealed that, of the six major components of cinnamon extracts, the B-type procyanidin, procyanidin C1, improves the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (TG content: 1.10 ± 0.09 mM at a dosage of 25 μM vs 0.67 ± 0.02 mM in vehicle group, p < 0.001) and promotes insulin-induced glucose uptake (8.58 ± 1.43 at a dosage of 25 μM vs 3.05 ± 1.24 in vehicle group, p < 0.001). Mechanism studies further suggested that procyanidin C1 activates the AKT-eNOS pathway, thus up-regulating glucose uptake and enhancing insulin sensitivity in mature adipocytes. Taken together, our study identified B-type procyanidin C1, a component of cinnamon extract, that stimulates preadipocyte differentiation and acts as a potential insulin action enhancer through the AKT-eNOS pathway in mature adipocytes.

• Authors: Peng Sun, Kai Li, Ting Wang, Jun Ji, Yan Wang, Kai-Xian Chen, Qi Jia, Yi-Ming Li, He-Yao Wang
• Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 67 Issue 32 Pg. 8839-8846 (Aug 14 2019) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31334651 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Biflavonoids
• Insulin
• Plant Extracts
• Proanthocyanidins
• procyanidin C
• Catechin
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
• Glucose

Topics

• 3T3-L1 Cells
• Adipocytes (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
• Animals
• Biflavonoids (pharmacology)
• Biological Transport (drug effects)
• Catechin (pharmacology)
• Cell Differentiation (drug effects)
• Cinnamomum zeylanicum (chemistry)
• Glucose (metabolism)
• Insulin (metabolism)
• Mice
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III (genetics, metabolism)
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
• Proanthocyanidins (pharmacology)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (genetics, metabolism)