One-hour post-load plasma glucose predicts progression to prediabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort of obese youths.

Abstract

AIMS:

One-hour post-load hyperglycaemia has been proposed as an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes in adults. We examined whether 1-hour plasma glucose (1hPG) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can predict changes in the glucose tolerance status of a multi-ethnic cohort of youths with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 202 obese youths with NGT (33.7% Caucasian, 31.1% Hispanic, 32.2% African American) underwent a 3-hour OGTT at baseline and after a 2-year follow-up period. Whole-body insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, β-cell function and insulin clearance were estimated by modeling plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels.

RESULTS:

Obese youths with 1hPG ≥7.4 mmol/L (or 133 mg/dL; n = 83) exhibited higher body mass index (BMI), plasma triglycerides and fasting and post-load glucose concentrations than individuals with 1hPG <7.4 mmol/L. Also, 1hPG ≥7.4 mmol/L was associated with a lower disposition index (DI) (P < 0.0001) and with alterations in whole-body insulin sensitivity, β-cell function and insulin clearance. Adolescents with 1hPG ≥7.4 mmol/L were approximately three times more likely to develop prediabetes (ie, impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose) over time (OR, 2.92 [1.22-6.98]; P = 0.02), independent of age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, insulin sensitivity, DI and plasma glucose concentrations. No differences emerged in the risk of prediabetes related to 1-hour hyperglycaemia among different ethnic groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

A plasma glucose concentration ≥ 7.4 mmol/L at 1 hour during an OGTT is associated with a worse clinical and metabolic phenotype and may be an independent predictor of progression to prediabetes in obese youths with NGT.

• Authors: Domenico Tricò, Alfonso Galderisi, Andrea Mari, Nicola Santoro, Sonia Caprio
• Journal: Diabetes, obesity & metabolism (Diabetes Obes Metab) Vol. 21 Issue 5 Pg. 1191-1198 (05 2019) ISSN: 1463-1326 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 30663201 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucose

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Blood Glucose (analysis, metabolism)
• Child
• Cohort Studies
• Disease Progression
• Ethnicity (statistics & numerical data)
• Female
• Glucose (pharmacology)
• Glucose Intolerance (blood, diagnosis, ethnology, pathology)
• Glucose Tolerance Test
• Humans
• Insulin Resistance
• Longitudinal Studies
• Male
• Obesity (blood, complications, diagnosis, ethnology)
• Prediabetic State (blood, complications, diagnosis, ethnology)
• Prognosis
• Retrospective Studies
• Time Factors
• Young Adult