The goal of our study was to determine if an intranasal (IN) dose of
sufentanil delivered in the ED triage zone would improve the management of severely painful patients. We performed a randomized, double blind and placebo-controlled trial on adult patients suffering from an acute severe
pain (≥ 6/10) consecutive to an isolated limb injury. We compared 2
analgesic strategies: the usual
pain treatment with IV-only multimodal
analgesics (
IVMA) including IV
opioids if needed (control group) and another strategy (active group) based on a single dose of IN
sufentanil (0.4 μg/kg) given at triage and followed by IV multimodal
analgesia. Our primary outcome was the proportion of patients reaching
pain-relief (≤ 3/10) 30 min after IN injection at triage. Secondary outcomes were rates of adverse events, frequency of clinical interventions required by these events, and satisfaction of patients. A total of 144 adult participants completed the study, 72 in each group. Compared with usual IV-only
pain management, the
analgesic strategy initiated in triage zone with a dose of IN
sufentanil increased the proportion of patients reaching
pain relief in 30 min: 72.2% versus 51.4%, in our trial (p = 0.01 and number needed to treat of 5). There was no serious adverse event (AE) in both groups. Patients who received IN
sufentanil experienced more frequently minor
opiate side effects. Proportion of respiratory AEs was higher in the active group (12.5% of bradypnea < 10 cycles per minute versus 1.4%) but these events were of mild severity, as only 2 participants (one in each group) received temporary low dose
oxygen therapy, and none required
naloxone. Lengths of stay in the ED were similar in both groups, as well as satisfaction of patients (above 9/10) and
pain scores at discharge (< 2/10). We found that a single dose of IN
sufentanil delivered in the ED triage zone significantly increases the proportion of severely painful patients reaching painrelief in 30 min, compared to usual
analgesia with IV-only multimodal
analgesia.