This article presented a case of a
human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-positive patient with advanced
cancer/testis antigen New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) expressing
lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) who received adoptive
cell therapy of
T cell receptor engineered-T cells (TCR-T cells) targeting the
cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1. The appropriate clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of this
therapy for this
lung cancer patient. The patient had a clinical response to and was well-tolerated with this
therapy in the clinical trial. In addition, a preliminary evaluation of the safety of NY-ESO-1 TCR-T cell
therapy was performed in four patients with
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) enrolled in a clinical trial. It was well-tolerated and did not observe any serious adverse events post-infusion.
Fever,
anemia, and a decrease in white blood cell count were common adverse events, which were likely due to the TCR-T cell
therapy. Two patients had clinical responses to NY-ESO-1 TCR-T cell
therapy, including the 44-year-old female patient with LADC, who achieved a short-term partial response for 4 months, improved in Karnofsky performance status, and had a recovery of drug sensitivity. This suggests that TCR-T cell
therapy targeting NY-ESO-1
antigen may be beneficial for HLA-A2-positive late-stage patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing NSCLC.