Factors Associated with Pre-Hypertension Among Tehranian Adults: A Novel Application of Structural Equation Models.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Pre-hypertension is proposed as an independent risk factor for the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to explore the main factors associated with pre-hypertension via testing a hypothesized model in Tehranian adults.

METHODS:

The study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) between 2009 - 2011 on 4640 adults without hypertension, aged ≥ 20 years.

RESULTS:

The mean age of participants was 38.61 ± 12.14 years and 56.6% of them were female. More than one third of the studied participants had pre-hypertension (35.4%) with significantly higher prevalence in males compared to females (46.5% vs. 26.9%; χ2 = 190.7, P < 0.001). Age, waist circumference (WC), and serum triglyceride concentrations (TG) were directly associated with pre-hypertension in both men (β = 0.16, β = 0.25, and β = 0.11, respectively) and women (β = 0.16, β = 0.21 and β = 0.09, respectively). Physical activity, only in men (β = 0.07), and marital status only, in women (β = -0.06), were also directly associated with pre-hypertension. Both healthy and poor dietary patterns showed indirect associations with pre-hypertension in both genders via WC and TG. Higher age and lower education in both genders, being married only in men, and unemployed status only in women, were positively associated with pre-hypertension via behavioral and cardio-metabolic factors.

CONCLUSIONS:

Level of TG and WC in both genders are direct modifiable associated factors of pre-hypertension. These findings could be considered in designing future health promotion programs aimed at preventing high blood pressure and its consequences among Tehranian adults.

• Authors: Reza Taherian, Sara Jalali-Farahani, Mehrdad Karimi, Parisa Amiri, Emad Maghsoudi, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi
• Journal: International journal of endocrinology and metabolism (Int J Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 16 Issue 3 Pg. e59706 (Jul 2018) ISSN: 1726-913X [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 30197658 (Publication Type: Journal Article)