Five-year follow-up of lenalidomide plus rituximab as initial treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.

Abstract

We report 5-year follow-up of a multicenter phase 2 study of lenalidomide plus rituximab (LR) as initial treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The regimen includes induction and maintenance with the LR doublet. Treatment was continuous until progression, with optional discontinuation after 3 years. The median age of the 38 participants was 65 years, with MCL international prognostic index scores balanced among low, intermediate, and high risk (34%, 34%, and 32%, respectively). Twenty-seven (75%) of the 36 evaluable patients completed ≥3 years of study treatment. At a median follow-up of 64 months (range, 21-78), the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 80% and 90%, respectively, with 5-year estimated PFS and OS of 64% and 77%, respectively. During maintenance, hematologic adverse events (AEs) included asymptomatic grade 3 or 4 cytopenias (42% neutropenia, 5% thrombocytopenia, 3% anemia) and mostly grade 1 or 2 infections managed in the outpatient setting (45% upper respiratory infection, 21% urinary tract infection, 13% sinusitis, 11% cellulitis, 8% pneumonia). Nonhematologic AEs, such as constitutional and inflammatory symptoms, occurred at reduced frequency and intensity compared with induction. A peripheral blood minimal residual disease (MRD) assay (clonoSEQ) showed MRD-negative complete remission in 8 of 10 subjects who had completed ≥3 years of treatment and with available samples for analysis. With longer follow-up, LR continues to demonstrate durable responses and manageable safety as initial induction and maintenance therapy for MCL (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01472562).

• Authors: Jia Ruan, Peter Martin, Paul Christos, Leandro Cerchietti, Wayne Tam, Bijal Shah, Stephen J Schuster, Amelyn Rodriguez, David Hyman, Maria Nieves Calvo-Vidal, Sonali M Smith, Jakub Svoboda, Richard R Furman, Morton Coleman, John P Leonard
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 132 Issue 19 Pg. 2016-2025 (11 08 2018) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30181173 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2018 by The American Society of Hematology.

Chemical References

• Angiogenesis Inhibitors
• Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
• Rituximab
• Lenalidomide

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Angiogenesis Inhibitors (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Lenalidomide (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell (drug therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neutropenia (chemically induced)
• Rituximab (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Survival Analysis
• Thrombocytopenia (chemically induced)
• Treatment Outcome