Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is often caused by
placental insufficiency, which is believed to be associated with decreased delivery of
oxygen and nutrients to the placental barrier. We recently reported that
hypoxia and/or
leucine deprivation triggered hyperphosphorylation of
insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in decidualized human immortalized endometrial stromal cells (HIESCs), resulting in decreased
insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) bioactivity. To test the hypothesis that human IUGR is associated with increased decidual
IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at discrete sites, we used IUGR and gestational age matched appropriate for gestational age (AGA) placentas ( n=5 each). We performed dual immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry (IHC) using
IGFBP-1 and
vimentin as decidual and mesenchymal markers, respectively. Employing a unique strategy with imaging software, we extracted signal intensity of
IGFBP-1 expressed specifically from truly decidualized cells of the placenta. Relative
IGFBP-1 was increased (85%; p=0.0001) and using custom phospho-site-specific
antibodies, we found that
IGFBP-1 phosphorylation (pSer101; +40%, p=0.0677/pSer119; +60%, p=0.0064/pSer169; +100%, p=0.0021) was markedly enhanced in IUGR. Together, our data links for the first time, increased decidual
IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at discrete sites with human IUGR. These novel findings suggest that hyperphosphorylation of
IGFBP-1 in decidualized stromal mesenchymal decidua basalis contributes to potentially elevated levels of phosphorylated
IGFBP-1 in maternal circulation in IUGR pregnancies.