Leptin/Adiponectin ratio as a potential biomarker for metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Leptin and adiponectin are adipokines which have opposing roles in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio) has been proposed as a good biomarker for MetS in general population. This study aimed to compare the strength of association between MetS and leptin, adiponectin and L/A ratio, as well as to assess their performance to diagnose MetS in patients with schizophrenia.

METHODS:

Patients diagnosed with DSM-IV schizophrenia and under clozapine or olanzapine monotherapy for at least six months were recruited. We used the modified ATP III criteria for Asians to evaluate subjects for a diagnosis of MetS.

RESULTS:

We recruited 262 study subjects with schizophrenia, and classified them into those with MetS (n = 87) and those without MetS (n = 175). Leptin level was positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, and insulin level. Adiponectin level was negatively correlated with most metabolic parameters, except glucose level. L/A ratio was positively correlated with most metabolic parameters, except levels of glucose and HDL-C. Significant gender differences existed in leptin levels, adiponectin levels, and L/A ratio. Without and with adjustment of age and gender, binary logistic regression analysis showed that leptin level, adiponectin level, and L/A ratio were significantly associated with MetS. The area under curve (AUC) of L/A ratio and leptin level for MetS was 0.744 (95% CI = 0.685-0.802) and 0.666 (95% CI = 0.601-0.731). The AUC of adiponectin level for the absence of MetS was 0.717 (95% CI = 0.655-0.780). The discriminative strength of L/A ratio for MetS was better in men than in women.

CONCLUSIONS:

The present study results suggest that L/A ratio may be a preferential marker of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia compared to leptin or adiponectin alone.

• Authors: Vincent Chin-Hung Chen, Chun-Hsin Chen, Yi-Hang Chiu, Tsang-Yaw Lin, Feng-Chiao Li, Mong-Liang Lu
• Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology (Psychoneuroendocrinology) Vol. 92 Pg. 34-40 (06 2018) ISSN: 1873-3360 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 29625373 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• ADIPOQ protein, human
• Adipokines
• Adiponectin
• Biomarkers
• Leptin

Topics

• Adipokines
• Adiponectin (analysis, blood)
• Adult
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Body Mass Index
• Female
• Humans
• Leptin (analysis, blood)
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (diagnosis, metabolism)
• Middle Aged
• Schizophrenia (metabolism)
• Sex Factors
• Waist Circumference