Abstract | BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis and the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state are the most serious diabetic emergencies. Before the discovery of insulin in 1921 by Banting and Best the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was fatal ending in diabetic ketoacidosis equivalent to a torturous death. Today, mortality from diabetic ketoacidosis is low at approximately 2 %. But each death from these two acute metabolic complications of diabetes is potentially avoidable by improved patient and healthcare professional education. Therefore, there is a need to raise awareness of hyperglycemic crisis and its management amongst physicians. PATHOGENESIS: DIAGNOSIS: Both DKA and HHS require prompt recognition and management. The diagnosis can be suspected by clinical features and confirmed by laboratory findings. TREATMENT: The treatment of DKA and HHS is similar, including correction of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities and the administration of insulin.
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Authors | Christina Schumann, Michael Faust |
Journal | Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
(Dtsch Med Wochenschr)
Vol. 143
Issue 6
Pg. 384-391
(Mar 2018)
ISSN: 1439-4413 [Electronic] Germany |
Vernacular Title | Diabetologische Notfälle: Ketoazidose und hyperglykämes Koma. |
PMID | 29544233
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York. |
Topics |
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Humans
- Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma
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