Autotaxin (ATX), a producing
enzyme for
lysophosphatidic acids, was first identified from the medium of a
melanoma cell line and has been considered to be one of the candidate targets to treat
melanoma; however, the association between serum ATX and
melanoma in human subjects has not been elucidated. Along with ATX,
phosphatidylserine-specific
phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1 ) is a producing
enzyme for
lysophosphatidylserine, a similar glycero-
lysophospholipid mediator to
lysophosphatidic acids. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between serum ATX or PS-PLA1 levels and
melanoma. We measured the serum levels of ATX, ATX
isoforms and PS-PLA1 in subjects with
melanoma (n = 57) and healthy subjects (n = 58). We further investigated the existence of trends according to the clinical stages of
melanoma. We observed that serum total ATX and classical ATX levels were significant higher and serum novel ATX levels tended to be higher in male subjects with
melanoma, while no significant difference was observed between the two groups in female subjects. The trend test revealed that the serum total ATX and ATX
isoforms were significantly associated with the clinical stages of female subjects with
melanoma. Regarding PS-PLA1 , serum PS-PLA1 levels were significantly higher in the
melanoma subjects and associated with the clinical stages. The present study is the first study which revealed the association between ATX or PS-PLA1 and
melanoma, suggesting the possible involvement of ATX/
lysophosphatidic acids or PS-PLA1 /
lysophosphatidylserine axis in the pathogenesis of
melanoma.