Downregulation of the Cl-/HCO3-Exchanger Pendrin in Kidneys of Mice with Cystic Fibrosis: Role in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Alkalosis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS:

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are prone to the development of metabolic alkalosis; however, the pathogenesis of this life threatening derangement remains unknown. We hypothesized that altered acid base transport machinery in the kidney collecting duct underlies the mechanism of impaired bicarbonate elimination in the CF kidney.

METHODS:

Balance studies in metabolic cages were performed in WT and CFTR knockout (CF) mice with the intestinal rescue in response to bicarbonate loading or salt restriction, and the expression levels and cellular distribution of acid base and electrolyte transporters in the proximal tubule, collecting duct and small intestine were examined by western blots, northern blots and/or immunofluorescence labeling.

RESULTS:

Baseline parameters, including acid-base and systemic vascular volume status were comparable in WT and CF mice, as determined by blood gas, kidney renin expression and urine chloride excretion. Compared with WT animals, CF mice demonstrated a significantly higher serum HCO3- concentration (22.63 in WT vs. 26.83 mEq/l in CF mice; n=4, p=0.013) and serum pH (7.33 in WT vs. 7.42 in CF mice; n=4, p=0.00792) and exhibited impaired kidney HCO3- excretion (urine pH 8.10 in WT vs. 7.35 in CF mice; n=7, p=0.00990) following a 3-day oral bicarbonate load. When subjected to salt restriction, CF mice developed a significantly higher serum HCO3- concentration vs. WT animals (29.26 mEq/L in CF mice vs. 26.72 in WT; n=5, p=0.0291). Immunofluorescence labeling demonstrated a profound reduction in the apical expression of the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger pendrin in cortical collecting duct cells and western and northern blots indicated diminished plasma membrane abundance and mRNA expression of pendrin in CF kidneys.

CONCLUSIONS:

We propose that patients with cystic fibrosis are prone to the development of metabolic alkalosis secondary to the inactivation of the bicarbonate secreting transporter pendrin, specifically during volume depletion, which is a common occurrence in CF patients.

• Authors: Mujan Varasteh Kia, Sharon Barone, Alicia A McDonough, Kamyar Zahedi, Jie Xu, Manoocher Soleimani
• Journal: Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology (Cell Physiol Biochem) Vol. 45 Issue 4 Pg. 1551-1565 ( 2018) ISSN: 1421-9778 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 29482189 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Chemical References

• Anion Transport Proteins
• Bicarbonates
• Chlorides
• RNA, Messenger
• Slc26a4 protein, mouse
• Sulfate Transporters
• Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
• Sodium Chloride
• Renin

Topics

• Alkalosis (complications, pathology)
• Animals
• Anion Transport Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Bicarbonates (blood, pharmacology)
• Blood Gas Analysis
• Chlorides (urine)
• Cystic Fibrosis (complications, metabolism, pathology)
• Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (deficiency, genetics)
• Down-Regulation (drug effects)
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
• Intestine, Small (metabolism)
• Kidney Tubules, Proximal (metabolism, pathology)
• Mice
• Mice, Knockout
• Microscopy, Fluorescence
• RNA, Messenger (metabolism)
• Renin (metabolism)
• Sodium Chloride (pharmacology)
• Sulfate Transporters