Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor is a useful biomarker for disease activity but not for differential diagnosis in IgG4-related disease and primary Sjögren's syndrome adults from a defined population.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

To identify biomarkers for disease activity in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).

METHODS:

Forty-three consecutive treatment-naïve patients with IgG4-RD, 62 patients with pSS, and 5 patients with sicca syndrome were enrolled. IgG4-RD and pSS disease activity was assessed based on the IgG4-RD responder index (IgG4-RD RI) and EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ES- SDAI), respectively. The associations of biomarkers with disease activity were examined.

RESULTS:

Comparison of the three dis- eases identified the serum levels of IgG, IgG4, IgG4/IgG ratio, IgE, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) for IgG4-RD and the serum levels of IgM and sIL-2R and lymphocyte counts for pSS as potential biomarkers of disease activity. Among these, serum sIL-2R levels correlate with baseline IgG4-RD RI scores and the number of affected organs in IgG4-RD (ρ=0.74, p<0.0001 and ρ=0.75, p<0.0001, respectively). Serum sIL-2R levels also correlate with ESSDAI scores and the number of af- fected organs in pSS (ρ=0.67, p<0.0001 and ρ=0.41, p<0.0001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested serum sIL-2R levels as an efficient biomarker to distinguish the presence of extra-dacryosialadenitis involvements in IgG4-RD with a cut-off value of 424 U/mL (AUC=0.93, p<0.0001), and in pSS with 452 U/mL (AUC=0.89, p<0.0001). Serum sIL-2R levels decreased significantly after treatment in patients with IgG4-RD and pSS.

CONCLUSIONS:

Serum sIL-2R levels are a potentially valuable biomarker for evaluating disease activity and treatment response in IgG4-RD and pSS.

• Authors: Mitsuhiro Akiyama, Takanori Sasaki, Yuko Kaneko, Hidekata Yasuoka, Katsuya Suzuki, Kunihiro Yamaoka, Tsutomu Takeuchi
• Journal: Clinical and experimental rheumatology (Clin Exp Rheumatol) 2018 May-Jun Vol. 36 Suppl 112 Issue 3 Pg. 157-164 ISSN: 0392-856X [Print] Italy
• PMID: 29465360 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Immunoglobulin G
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Receptors, Interleukin-2

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Area Under Curve
• Autoimmune Diseases (blood, diagnosis, drug therapy, immunology)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Disease Progression
• Female
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin G (blood, immunology)
• Immunosuppressive Agents (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Predictive Value of Tests
• ROC Curve
• Receptors, Interleukin-2 (blood)
• Retrospective Studies
• Severity of Illness Index
• Sjogren's Syndrome (blood, diagnosis, drug therapy, immunology)
• Treatment Outcome