Affibody molecules are small
proteins engineered using a nonantibody scaffold. Radiolabeled Affibody molecules are excellent imaging probes, but their application to
radionuclide therapy has been prevented by high renal reabsorption. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that Affibody-based
peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-mediated pretargeted
therapy of
human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-expressing
cancer extends survival without accompanying renal toxicity. Methods: A HER2-targeting Affibody molecule ligated with an AGTCGTGATGTAGTC PNA hybridization probe (
ZHER2:342-SR-HP1) was used as the primary pretargeting agent. A complementary AGTCGTGATGTAGTC PNA conjugated to the
chelator DOTA and labeled with the
radionuclide 177Lu (177Lu-HP2) was used as the secondary agent. The influence of different factors on pretargeting was investigated. Experimental
radionuclide therapy in mice bearing SKOV-3 xenografts was performed in 6 cycles separated by 7 d. Results: Optimal
tumor targeting was achieved when 16 MBq/3.5 μg (0.65 nmol) of 177Lu-HP2 was injected 16 h after injection of 100 μg (7.7 nmol) of
ZHER2:342-SR-HP1. The calculated absorbed dose to
tumors was 1,075 mGy/MBq, whereas the absorbed dose to kidneys was 206 mGy/MBq and the absorbed dose to blood (surrogate of bone marrow) was 4 mGy/MBq. Survival of mice was significantly longer (P < 0.05) in the treatment group (66 d) than in the control groups treated with the same amount of
ZHER2:342-SR-HP1 only (37 d), the same amount and activity of 177Lu-HP2 only (32 d), or
phosphate-buffered saline (37 d). Conclusion: The studied pretargeting system can deliver an absorbed dose to
tumors appreciably exceeding absorbed doses to critical organs, making Affibody-based PNA-mediated pretargeted
radionuclide therapy highly attractive.