Risk factors for seasonal influenza virus detection in stools of patients consulting in general practice for acute respiratory infections in France, 2014-2016.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies reported detection of influenza RNA in stools of patients with seasonal influenza infection. While this detection may have a clinical significance, other factors may influence the stool positivity for influenza viruses.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of this study was to investigate demographical, clinical, and microbiological factors which could favor the presence of influenza viral RNA in the stools of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection.

METHODS:

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) patients were enrolled by general practitioners (GP) during two winter seasons (2014-2016). Nasopharyngeal swabs, stool specimens, and clinical data were collected. Samples were tested for 12 respiratory pathogen groups (nasopharyngeal and stool specimens) and for 12 enteric pathogens (stool specimens).

RESULTS:

Among the 331 patients with ARI enrolled by GP, 114 (34.4%) presented influenza infection. Influenza RNA was detected in stool samples of 21% (24/114) of the 114 stool specimens analyzed. Hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 7.8 (95% confidence interval (CI)) [1.7-33.7], P = .02), age between 45 and 64 years (aOR = 4.8 [1.7-14.5], P = .01), consumption of raw shellfish and/or mollusks (aOR = 16.7 [3.6-90.9], P = .00), and use of antibiotics (aOR = 6.4 [2.1-19.8], P = .006) or antiviral treatment (aOR = 7.4 [1.9-29], P = .01) were significantly associated with an increased odds of the detection of influenza RNA in stools. Among the 24 stool samples subjected to viral isolation, no one showed virus growth.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings will be useful to studies investigating the dissemination route of influenza viruses to gastrointestinal tract.

• Authors: Laëtitia Minodier, Shirley Masse, Lisandru Capai, Thierry Blanchon, Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi, Sylvie van der Werf, Thomas Hanslik, Remi Charrel, Alessandra Falchi
• Journal: Influenza and other respiratory viruses (Influenza Other Respir Viruses) Vol. 13 Issue 4 Pg. 398-406 (07 2019) ISSN: 1750-2659 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 29144593 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Observational Study)
• Copyright: © 2017 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• RNA, Viral

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Feces (virology)
• Female
• France (epidemiology)
• General Practice
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Influenza, Human (epidemiology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Nasopharynx (virology)
• Orthomyxoviridae (genetics, isolation & purification)
• Prospective Studies
• RNA, Viral (analysis)
• Respiratory Tract Infections (epidemiology, virology)
• Risk Factors
• Young Adult