Circadian variation and in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation of volatile compounds from leaves of Piper regnellii (Miq) C. DC. var. regnellii (C. DC.) Yunck (Piperaceae).

Abstract	Aiming detection of circadian variation in the chemical composition of volatiles from Piper regnellii, the leaves were collected during four different periods (8, 12, 16 and 20 h) in the same day. After extraction by hydrodistillation and GC/MS analysis, no significant variation was observed for the main compounds: germacrene D (45.6 ± 1.5-51.4 ± 3.1%), α-chamigrene (8.9 ± 1.3-11.3 ± 2.7%) and β-caryophyllene (8.2 ± 0.9-9.5 ± 0.3%). Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity against several cancer and non-tumourigenic cells indicated promising activity, especially to HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) with IC50 ranging from 11 ± 3 to 17 ± 3 μg/mL. The obtained volatile oils were pooled and subjected to fractionation to afford pure β-caryophyllene, α-chamigrene and germacrene D, being this last compound the more active against HeLa cells with IC50 of 7 ± 1 μg/mL (34 ± 5 μM). Therefore, the predominance of germacrene D in all analysed oils could justify, at least in part, the activity observed for the volatile compounds from P. regnellii leaves.
Authors	Roseli R Anderson, Natalia Girola, Carlos R Figueiredo, Vinicius S Londero, João Henrique G Lago
Journal	Natural product research (Nat Prod Res) Vol. 32 Issue 7 Pg. 859-862 (Apr 2018) ISSN: 1478-6427 [Electronic] England
PMID	28774184 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic Oils, Volatile Plant Extracts Plant Oils Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes Sesquiterpenes Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane caryophyllene germacrene D
Topics	Animals Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (chemistry, pharmacology) Cell Line, Tumor Circadian Clocks (physiology) Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor (methods) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry HeLa Cells Humans Inhibitory Concentration 50 Mice Oils, Volatile (chemistry, pharmacology) Piper (chemistry) Plant Extracts (chemistry) Plant Leaves (chemistry) Plant Oils (chemistry, pharmacology) Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes Sesquiterpenes (analysis) Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane (analysis, pharmacology)

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