Mutant eIF2B leads to impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in vanishing white matter disease.

Abstract

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a master regulator of protein synthesis under normal and stress conditions. Mutations in any of the five genes encoding its subunits lead to vanishing white matter (VWM) disease, a recessive genetic deadly illness caused by progressive loss of white matter in the brain. In this study we used fibroblasts, which are not involved in the disease, to demonstrate the involvement of eIF2B in mitochondrial function and abundance. Mass spectrometry of total proteome of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from Eif2b5R132H/R132H mice revealed unbalanced stoichiometry of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and of mitochondrial translation machinery components, among others. Mutant MEFs exhibit 55% decrease in oxygen consumption rate per mtDNA content and 47% increase in mitochondrial abundance (p < 0.005), reflecting adaptation to energy requirements. A more robust eIF2B-associated oxidative respiration deficiency was found in mutant primary astrocytes, which exhibit > 3-fold lower ATP-linked respiration per cell despite a 2-fold increase in mtDNA content (p < 0.03). The 2-fold increase in basal and stimulated glycolysis in mutant astrocytes (p ≤ 0.03), but not in MEFs, demonstrates their higher energetic needs and further explicates their involvement in the disease. The data demonstrate the critical role of eIF2B in tight coordination of expression from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and illuminates the importance of mitochondrial function in VWM pathology. Further dissection of the signaling network associated with eIF2B function will help generating therapeutic strategies for VWM disease and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.

• Authors: Gali Raini, Reut Sharet, Melisa Herrero, Andrea Atzmon, Anjana Shenoy, Tamar Geiger, Orna Elroy-Stein
• Journal: Journal of neurochemistry (J Neurochem) Vol. 141 Issue 5 Pg. 694-707 (06 2017) ISSN: 1471-4159 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 28306143 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2017 International Society for Neurochemistry.

Chemical References

• Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B
• Histocompatibility Antigens
• Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
• Proton Ionophores
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone
• Antimycin A
• Chloramphenicol

Topics

• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Antimycin A (pharmacology)
• Astrocytes (drug effects, physiology, ultrastructure)
• Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (pharmacology)
• Cell Cycle (drug effects, genetics)
• Cell Size
• Cells, Cultured
• Chloramphenicol (pharmacology)
• Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B (genetics, metabolism)
• Female
• Fibroblasts (drug effects, immunology, ultrastructure)
• Histocompatibility Antigens (metabolism)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mice, Transgenic
• Mitochondria (genetics, physiology)
• Mutation (genetics)
• Oxidative Phosphorylation (drug effects)
• Oxygen Consumption (drug effects, genetics)
• Phosphorylation (drug effects, genetics)
• Protein Biosynthesis (drug effects, genetics)
• Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• Proton Ionophores (pharmacology)
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)