Serum C-peptide, Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin, and Pancreatic Cancer: Do Associations Differ by Smoking?

Abstract

Background: Studies examining associations between circulating concentrations of C-peptide and total adiponectin, two biomarkers related to obesity and insulin secretion and sensitivity and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) risk have shown inconsistent results and included limited numbers of smokers.Methods: We examined associations of these biomarkers and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin with PDA, overall, and by smoking status. We conducted a pooled nested case-control analysis in 3 cohorts (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Trial, Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, and Cancer Prevention Study-II), with 758 cases (435 current smokers) and 1,052 controls (531 smokers) matched by cohort, age, sex, race, blood draw date and follow-up time. We used conditional logistic regression adjusted for age, smoking, diabetes, and body mass index to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Circulating C-peptide concentration was not associated with PDA in never or former smokers, but was inversely associated with PDA in current smokers (per SD OR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54-0.84; Pinteraction = 0.005). HMW adiponectin was inversely associated with PDA in never smokers (OR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.23-0.81), not associated in former smokers, and positively associated in smokers (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.04-1.45; Pinteraction = 0.009). Total adiponectin was not associated with PDA in nonsmokers or current smokers.Conclusions: Associations of biomarkers of insulin secretion and sensitivity with PDA differ by smoking status. Smoking-induced pancreatic damage may explain the associations in smokers while mechanisms related to insulin resistance associations in nonsmokers.Impact: Future studies of these biomarkers and PDA should examine results by smoking status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(6); 914-22. ©2017 AACR.

• Authors: Leticia M Nogueira, Christina C Newton, Michael Pollak, Debra T Silverman, Demetrius Albanes, Satu Männistö, Stephanie J Weinstein, Eric J Jacobs, Rachael Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
• Journal: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev) Vol. 26 Issue 6 Pg. 914-922 (06 2017) ISSN: 1538-7755 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28096201 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural)
• Copyright: ©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.

Chemical References

• Adiponectin
• C-Peptide

Topics

• Adiponectin (blood)
• Aged
• C-Peptide (blood)
• Case-Control Studies
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Pancreatic Neoplasms (blood, pathology)
• Risk Factors
• Smoking (adverse effects, blood)