Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MDS and CMML: recommendations from an international expert panel.

Abstract

An international expert panel, active within the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, European LeukemiaNet, Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trial Group, and the International Myelodysplastic Syndromes Foundation developed recommendations for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Disease risks scored according to the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) and presence of comorbidity graded according to the HCT Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) were recognized as relevant clinical variables for HSCT eligibility. Fit patients with higher-risk IPSS-R and those with lower-risk IPSS-R with poor-risk genetic features, profound cytopenias, and high transfusion burden are candidates for HSCT. Patients with a very high MDS transplantation risk score, based on combination of advanced age, high HCT-CI, very poor-risk cytogenetic and molecular features, and high IPSS-R score have a low chance of cure with standard HSCT and consideration should be given to treating these patients in investigational studies. Cytoreductive therapy prior to HSCT is advised for patients with ≥10% bone marrow myeloblasts. Evidence from prospective randomized clinical trials does not provide support for specific recommendations on the optimal high intensity conditioning regimen. For patients with contraindications to high-intensity preparative regimens, reduced intensity conditioning should be considered. Optimal timing of HSCT requires careful evaluation of the available effective nontransplant strategies. Prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) strategies are recommended in patients at high risk of relapse after HSCT. Immune modulation by DLI strategies or second HSCT is advised if relapse occurs beyond 6 months after HSCT.

• Authors: Theo de Witte, David Bowen, Marie Robin, Luca Malcovati, Dietger Niederwieser, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Ghulam J Mufti, Pierre Fenaux, Guillermo Sanz, Rodrigo Martino, Emilio Paolo Alessandrino, Francesco Onida, Argiris Symeonidis, Jakob Passweg, Guido Kobbe, Arnold Ganser, Uwe Platzbecker, Jürgen Finke, Michel van Gelder, Arjan A van de Loosdrecht, Per Ljungman, Reinhard Stauder, Liisa Volin, H Joachim Deeg, Corey Cutler, Wael Saber, Richard Champlin, Sergio Giralt, Claudio Anasetti, Nicolaus Kröger
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 129 Issue 13 Pg. 1753-1762 (03 30 2017) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28096091 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2017 by The American Society of Hematology.

Topics

• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (methods)
• Humans
• Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic (therapy)
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes (therapy)
• Practice Guidelines as Topic
• Risk Factors
• Transplantation Conditioning
• Transplantation, Homologous