Pentraxins in the activation and regulation of innate immunity.

Abstract

Humoral fluid phase pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) are a key component of the activation and regulation of innate immunity. Humoral PRMs are diverse. We focused on the long pentraxin PTX3 as a paradigmatic example of fluid phase PRMs. PTX3 acts as a functional ancestor of antibodies and plays a non-redundant role in resistance against selected microbes in mouse and man and in the regulation of inflammation. This molecule interacts with complement components, thus modulating complement activation. In particular, PTX3 regulates complement-driven macrophage-mediated tumor progression, acting as an extrinsic oncosuppressor in preclinical models and selected human tumors. Evidence collected over the years suggests that PTX3 is a biomarker and potential therapeutic agent in humans, and pave the way to translation of this molecule into the clinic.

• Authors: Kenji Daigo, Antonio Inforzato, Isabella Barajon, Cecilia Garlanda, Barbara Bottazzi, Seppo Meri, Alberto Mantovani
• Journal: Immunological reviews (Immunol Rev) Vol. 274 Issue 1 Pg. 202-217 (11 2016) ISSN: 1600-065X [Electronic] England
• PMID: 27782337 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Receptors, Pattern Recognition
• Serum Amyloid P-Component
• PTX3 protein
• Complement System Proteins
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Animals
• Biomarkers, Tumor (metabolism)
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Complement Activation
• Complement System Proteins (metabolism)
• Humans
• Immunity, Innate
• Inflammation (immunology)
• Macrophages (immunology)
• Mice
• Neoplasms (immunology)
• Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism)
• Serum Amyloid P-Component (metabolism)