Maintaining a clinical weight loss after intensive lifestyle intervention is the key to cardiometabolic health.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI) are criticised for ineffective obesity treatment because weight loss over time is modest and thus of limited clinical relevance. However, a subgroup (5-30%) maintains a clinical weight loss >10%, but it is not clear if cardiometabolic health follows this pattern. The aim was to study the effect of different magnitudes of weight loss maintenance after ILI on cardiometabolic health.

METHODS:

Eighty out of 2420 former participants (age: 36±1, BMI: 38±1, (means ±SE)) in an 11-12-week ILI were recruited into 3 groups; clinical weight loss maintenance (>10% weight loss), moderate maintenance (1-10%), and weight regain based on weight loss at follow-up (5.3±0.4years). Weight loss during the ILI was achieved by increased physical activity and hypo-caloric diet. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry, blood sample, skeletal muscle biopsy and VO2max test were used to determine cardiometabolic health at follow-up.

RESULTS:

At follow-up, the clinical weight loss maintenance group scored better in the following variables compared to the other groups: BMI (31±1, 33±2, 43±2kg/m2), composition (34±2, 40±1, 49±1% fat), visceral adipose tissue (0.8±0.2, 1.7±0.5, 2.4±0.4kg), plasma triglycerides (0.8±0.2, 1.3±0.4, 1.6±0.3mmol/L), plasma glucose (4.9±0.1, 5.9±0.4, 5.9±0.1mmol/L), Hb1Ac (5.1±0.0, 5.6±0.2, 5.8±0.2%), protein content in skeletal muscle of GLUT4 (1.5±0.2, 0.9±0.1, 1.0±0.1 AU) and hexokinase II (1.6±0.2, 1.0±0.2, 0.7±0.1 AU), citrate synthase activity (155±6, 130±5, 113±5μmol/g/min) and VO2max (49±1, 43±1, 41±1mL/min/FFM) (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Cardiometabolic health is better in participants who have maintained >10% weight loss compared to moderate weight loss and weight regain.

• Authors: Sune Dandanell, Camilla Skovborg, Charlotte Boslev Præst, Kasper Bøgh Kristensen, Malene Glerup Nielsen, Sofie Lionett, Sofie Drevsholt Jørgensen, Andreas Vigelsø, Flemming Dela, Jørn Wulff Helge
• Journal: Obesity research & clinical practice (Obes Res Clin Pract) 2017 Jul - Aug Vol. 11 Issue 4 Pg. 489-498 ISSN: 1871-403X [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 27720417 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucose Transporter Type 4
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• SLC2A4 protein, human
• Triglycerides
• Cholesterol

Topics

• Absorptiometry, Photon
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Body Composition
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight Maintenance
• Cardiovascular Diseases (prevention & control)
• Cholesterol (blood)
• Diet
• Exercise
• Female
• Glucose Transporter Type 4 (blood)
• Glycated Hemoglobin (metabolism)
• Humans
• Life Style
• Longitudinal Studies
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Obesity (therapy)
• Risk Factors
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Weight Loss
• Young Adult