Timosaponin B-II ameliorates scopolamine-induced cognition deficits by attenuating acetylcholinesterase activity and brain oxidative damage in mice.

Abstract

Timosaponin B-II (TB-II) is a main active saponin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge., which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, the effect of TB-II on learning and memory was investigated in a scopolamine-induced mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The results of behavioral tests indicated that TB-II significantly increased the spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test, and reversed the shortening of step-through latency induced by scopolamine in the passive avoidance test, showing protective effects on short-term and working memory. In the Morris water maze test, TB-II reduced the escape latency time in the training trial, and increased the swimming time in the target quadrant in the probe trial. Biochemical data demonstrated that TB-II significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice. Moreover, TB-II markably attenuated the reduction in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which are key biomarkers of brain oxidative stress. These results indicated that TB-II offers protection against scopolamine-induced deficits in learning and memory, possibly by inhibiting AChE and preventing oxidative stress damage. The findings suggested that TB-II has a potential therapeutic effect on cognitive and behavioral impairment.

• Authors: Xu Zhao, Chunmei Liu, Yu Qi, Lina Fang, Jie Luo, Kaishun Bi, Ying Jia
• Journal: Metabolic brain disease (Metab Brain Dis) Vol. 31 Issue 6 Pg. 1455-1461 (12 2016) ISSN: 1573-7365 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27444169 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Cholinesterase Inhibitors
• Plant Extracts
• Saponins
• Steroids
• timosaponin B-II
• Scopolamine
• Acetylcholinesterase

Topics

• Acetylcholinesterase (metabolism)
• Anemarrhena
• Animals
• Brain (drug effects, enzymology)
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors (isolation & purification, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Cognition Disorders (chemically induced, enzymology, prevention & control)
• Male
• Maze Learning (drug effects, physiology)
• Mice
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects, physiology)
• Plant Extracts
• Plant Roots
• Saponins (isolation & purification, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Scopolamine (toxicity)
• Steroids (isolation & purification, pharmacology, therapeutic use)