Although major progress has been achieved in research and development of
antipsychotic medications for
bipolar disorder (BPD), knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder and the action of atypical
antipsychotics remains incomplete. The levels of
microRNAs (
miRNAs)-
small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, including genes involved in neuronal function and plasticity-are frequently altered in
psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to examine changes in
miRNA expression in bipolar
mania patients
after treatment with
asenapine and
risperidone. Using a
miRNA microarray, we analyzed
miRNA expression in the blood of 10 bipolar
mania patients following 12 weeks of treatment with
asenapine or
risperidone. Selected
miRNAs were validated by using real-time PCR. A total of 16
miRNAs were differentially expressed
after treatment in the
asenapine group, 14 of which were significantly upregulated and the other two significantly downregulated. However, all three differentially expressed
miRNAs in the
risperidone group were downregulated.
MiRNA target gene prediction and gene ontology analysis revealed significant enrichment for pathways associated with immune system response and regulation of programmed cell death and transcription. Our results suggest that candidate
miRNAs may be involved in the mechanism of action of both
antipsychotics in bipolar
mania. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.