Cocaine and benzoylecgonine oral fluid on-site screening and confirmation.

Abstract

Accurate on-site devices to screen for drug intake are critical for establishing whether an individual is driving under the influence of drugs (DUID); however, on-site oral fluid (OF) cocaine device performance is variable. We evaluated the performance of a newly developed benzoylecgonine (BE) test-strip for the Draeger® DrugTest 5000 device (20 µg/L cut-off) with equivalent cross reactivity for cocaine and BE. Ten cocaine users provided OF, collected with the Draeger cassette and Oral-Eze® and StatSure Saliva Sampler(TM) devices, up to 69 h following 25 mg intravenous cocaine administration. All screening results were confirmed by a validated two-dimensional-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (2D-GC-MS) method for cocaine and/or BE. Cocaine test-strip median Tlast for screening only results was 6.5 h, and 6.5 h with Oral-Eze® and 4 h for StatSure OF confirmation for cocaine and/or BE at 1, 8, and 10 µg/L; sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency ranged from 85.5 to 100% and 83.3 to 100% for cocaine only confirmation at 8 and 10 µg/L. For the BE test-strip, median Tlast was 12.5 h for screening only and confirmation for cocaine and/or BE at all three cut-offs; sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency ranged from 85.5 to 97.5% and 78.4 to 97.4% with cocaine and/or BE confirmation at 8 and 10 µg/L cut-offs, respectively. The Draeger cocaine test-strip with cocaine only confirmation offers a useful option for monitoring the acute intoxication phase of DUID; additionally the BE test-strip with cocaine and/or BE confirmation increases the length of detection of cocaine intake for workplace drug testing, drug court, parole, pain management, drug treatment programs and both the acute cocaine intoxication and cocaine crash/fatigue phase of DUID. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

• Authors: Kayla N Ellefsen, Marta Concheiro, Sandrine Pirard, David A Gorelick, Marilyn A Huestis
• Journal: Drug testing and analysis (Drug Test Anal) 2016 Mar-Apr Vol. 8 Issue 3-4 Pg. 296-303 ISSN: 1942-7611 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 26968560 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Chemical References

• benzoylecgonine
• Cocaine

Topics

• Adult
• Cocaine (analogs & derivatives, analysis)
• Female
• Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Saliva (chemistry)
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Substance Abuse Detection (instrumentation, methods)