A multi-outcome analysis of the effects of treatment timing in the management of zygomatic fractures.

Abstract	The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of surgical treatment delay in the management of zygomatic fractures. A retrospective case series of 99 patients was undertaken. Four outcome measures were analyzed in relation to delay: facial symmetry, facial scarring, trismus, and radiographic outcome. Five additional variables were subsequently analyzed: operation, diagnosis, primary operator, regular alcohol use, and regular cigarette use. Statistically significant associations were found between delay and facial scarring, and delay and radiographic outcome. For each additional delay of a day, the odds of facial scarring being present, compared to absent, decreased by 13% (odds ratio (OR) 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.98). For regular cigarette users, for each additional day of delay there was a 306-fold increased risk of having a radiographic outcome of major deviation from premorbid compared to equivalent to premorbid (OR 306.38, 95% CI 2.08-45,161.49). For non-regular cigarette users/non-users, for each additional day of delay there was a 1.5-fold increased risk of having a radiographic outcome of major deviation from premorbid compared to equivalent to premorbid (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.08-2.09). These findings correlate with commonly held beliefs and anecdotal evidence. Despite the limitations, this study allows for an evidence-based approach to the timing of treatment of zygomatic fractures.
Authors	M J L Hurrell, S C Borgna, M C David, M D Batstone
Journal	International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery (Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg) Vol. 45 Issue 1 Pg. 51-6 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1399-0020 [Electronic] Denmark
PMID	26381207 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Copyright	Copyright © 2015 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Topics	Adult Cicatrix (epidemiology) Female Humans Incidence Male Postoperative Complications (epidemiology) Queensland (epidemiology) Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Skull Fractures (epidemiology, surgery) Time Factors Treatment Outcome Trismus (epidemiology) Zygoma (injuries)

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