Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanism by which
Qianliening capsule (QC) treats
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cell line BPH-1 was treated with 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL QC for 48 h, respectively. Evaluation of cell viability and observation of morphologic changes of BPH-1 cell gene expression and
miRNA expression profiles were analyzed. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to confirm changes in
miRNA and gene expression. GO and KEGG pathway-based approaches were used to investigate biological functions and signaling pathways affected by differentially expressed mRNAs. Results. QC inhibited BPH-1 cell proliferation. Differential expression of 19 upregulated and 2 downregulated
miRNAs was observed in QC-treated BPH-1 cells compared to untreated control cells. 107 upregulated and 71 downregulated genes were identified between the two groups. Significantly enriched signaling pathways based on deregulated mRNAs were mainly involved in regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and so on. Additionally,
miRNA-
mRNA network analysis integrated these
miRNAs and genes by outlining interactions of
miRNA and related genes. Conclusion. The study was the first report of differentially expressed
miRNA and
mRNA in QC-treated BPH-1 cells.